Kungani ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kuhle kangaka, kodwa izinga lokungena liphansi kakhulu?

Njengohlobo lwamandla aluhlaza futhi avuselelekayo, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kuye kwanakwa kakhulu futhi kwasetshenziswa. Akukwazi ukunciphisa kuphela ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa futhi kukhuthaze ukushintshwa kwamandla, kodwa futhi kunezinzuzo ezibalulekile zezomnotho, ikakhulukazi ohlelweni lokusebenzisa isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwezinzuzo ezicacile zokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic, izinga lokungena lisephansi. Iyini imbangela yalesi simo esiphikisanayo?

Izinzuzo zokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic: kusukela ekuvikelweni kwemvelo kuya emnothweni
Okokuqala, kudingeka siqonde izinzuzo zokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic. Ngokombono wemvelo, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kuwuhlobo lwamandla oluyi-zero-emission. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwamandla ashisayo endabuko, amaseli e-photovoltaic awakhiphi amagesi abamba ukushisa njenge-carbon dioxide phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza amandla, futhi awanawo umthelela omubi emvelweni. Ngokuqiniswa kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokuzuza ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kube umgomo obalulekile wokuguqulwa kwamandla emhlabeni jikelele. Futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla we-photovoltaic kuyisihluthulelo salo mgomo.

Ngokombono wezomnotho, izindleko zokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic ziye zehla kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Ngokusho kocwaningo lwemboni, amaphrojekthi okukhiqiza amandla kagesi we-ultra-large-scale akwazile ukuzuza amanani kagesi angaphansi kwamasenti angu-11, futhi ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, izindleko ziyaqhubeka nokuwa. Esikhathini esizayo, ngemva kokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kanye nokwenza kahle kobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic ngeke kube nezinzuzo zemvelo kuphela, kodwa futhi kukwazi ukunqoba ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ashisayo endabuko ngezindleko.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic nakho kunezici "zokusatshalaliswa", okusho ukuthi zingasetshenziswa kabanzi ezindlini, ezitolo ezinkulu, ezimbonini nakwezinye izindawo. Le ndlela yokukhiqiza ugesi ayidingi isikhungo samandla esiphakathi nendawo, futhi iziteshi zikagesi ze-photovoltaic zingasungulwa ophahleni lomndeni ngamunye, umhlaba ovulekile nezinye izindawo, zihlakaza kakhulu ubungozi kanye nezindleko zokuhlinzekwa kwamandla.

Izinzuzo zezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic zasekhaya
Kubasebenzisi basekhaya, izinhlelo ze-photovoltaic zasekhaya ngokungangabazeki zingenye yezinketho ezikhangayo kakhulu. Isistimu ye-photovoltaic yasekhaya ingathatha ithuba lesikhala sophahla lwendlu futhi iguqule ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi osetshenziswa ekhaya ngamaphaneli elanga. Kuye ngezidingo zikagesi zekhaya lomsebenzisi, isistimu ingalungiselelwa kalula ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izidingo zikagesi zekhaya zinikezwa ngokugcwele amandla elanga phakathi nosuku, futhi zithembele kugridi ebusuku noma ezinsukwini eziguqubele.

Inzuzo enkulu yezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic zasekhaya yikhono lokufeza ukonga ugesi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ugesi okhiqizwa umndeni ungadliwa ngokuqondile, ukunciphisa izindleko zokuthenga ugesi enkampanini yamandla; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, igridi kagesi ezifundeni eziningi inikeza amandla okuthenga nokudayisa, lapho ugesi ophehlwa yindlu udlula isidingo, ugesi oweqile ungadayiswa ubuyiselwe kugridi, kuqhubeke kwehlisa isikweletu sikagesi wasendlini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ze-photovoltaic zasekhaya nazo zinesikhathi eside senkonzo kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokulondoloza. Impilo yesevisi yamaphaneli amaningi we-photovoltaic ingafinyelela iminyaka engu-25 noma ngaphezulu, futhi izindleko zokunakekelwa ziphansi, zidinga kuphela ukuhlanza iphaneli njalo futhi uhlole isimo sokusebenza sesistimu. Lokhu kuvumela abasebenzisi basekhaya ukuthi bazuze ezimbuyiselweni zezomnotho zokuphehla amandla e-photovoltaic amashumi eminyaka.

Izizathu zezinga eliphansi lokungena kwamandla we-photovoltaic
Naphezu kwezinzuzo eziningi zokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic, izinga lokungena liye lehla kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe. Izizathu eziyinhloko zingafingqwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala okuphezulu
Nakuba izindleko zokuphehla ugesi we-photovoltaic zehle kakhulu, izindleko zokuqala zokufakwa zisaphezulu emakhaya amaningi. Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingenazo uxhaso lukahulumeni, izindleko zokufakwa kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic zasendlini zingadinga amashumi ezinkulungwane zamayuan. Lokhu akuyona izindleko ezincane emindenini evamile, ikakhulukazi esimweni sokucindezela okukhulu kwezomnotho, imindeni eminingi ingase ithambekele ekukhetheni amanani aphansi, ukufinyelela ngokushesha kwamandla endabuko.

2. Inkinga yokugcina amandla ayixazululeki
Enye yezingqinamba ezingokwemvelo zokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic ukuphumula nokungazinzi kwayo. Uma kunelanga emini, amaphaneli e-photovoltaic angakwazi ukukhiqiza ugesi ngokugcwele, kodwa ebusuku noma ngezinsuku ezinamafu, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kuyancipha kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kudingeka kuncike emishinini yokugcina amandla ukuze kuvale igebe lokuphakelwa kukagesi. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zamanje zamabhethri okugcina amandla zisaphezulu, futhi ubuchwepheshe abukavuthwa. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe bebhethri buye bathuthuka kancane kancane, izindleko zokugcina amandla zisengenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezithinta ukuthandwa kwe-photovoltaic.

Ngokwezibikezelo zabanye ochwepheshe bezimboni, lapho intengo yamabhethri okugcina amandla yehla ibe ngaphansi kwe-1 dime nge-KWH kagesi, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kuzokwazi ukufaka esikhundleni ngokuphelele ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ashisayo wendabuko. Kodwa kuze kube yileso sikhathi, izindleko eziphezulu zamabhethri okugcina amandla zizoqhubeka nokukhawulela ukuthandwa kokukhiqizwa kwamandla we-photovoltaic kubasebenzisi basekhaya.

3. Izinqubomgomo nezibonelelo ezinganele
Ukuthandwa kokukhiqizwa kwamandla we-photovoltaic akuxhomeki kuphela ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi kudinga ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo. Emazweni amaningi, ohulumeni sebeqalile ukuhlinzeka ngoxhaso kanye nezinxephezelo zentela ukuze bakhuthaze abasebenzisi basekhaya ukuthi bafake amasistimu e-photovoltaic. Kodwa-ke, izinqubomgomo zoxhaso zivame ukumiswa, futhi ngokuncishiswa kancane kancane noma ukukhanselwa koxhaso, ukukhanga kwezomnotho kokuphehlwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kuncipha ngokufanayo. Ngaphandle kwezikhuthazi zenqubomgomo ezanele, imindeni eminingi ingase ingabi nesisusa esanele sokutshala izimali ezinhlelweni ze-photovoltaic.

4. Izinkinga zokubona nokwamukela
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-Photovoltaic kusewubuchwepheshe obungajwayelekile ezindaweni eziningi. Abasebenzisi abaningi basekhaya basenokuqonda okukha phezulu kwalobu buchwepheshe, bengenakho ukuqonda okujulile ngezinzuzo zabo zesikhathi eside zezomnotho nezemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaningi badidekile mayelana nenqubo yokufaka nokugcinwa kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic, bekhathazekile ngokuthi inqubo yokufaka iyinkinga, uhlelo aluzinzile, futhi lukhathazekile ngisho nokuthi isakhiwo sabo sendlu asikwazi ukumelana nesisindo samapaneli we-photovoltaic. Konke lokhu kuthinte ukuthandwa kokukhiqizwa kwamandla we-photovoltaic emakethe yasekhaya.

Isixazululo: Ukuphumelela kobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla ukunciphisa izindleko
Isihluthulelo sokuxazulula izinkinga ezingenhla sisekusungulweni kwezobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla. Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bebhethri, izindleko zamabhethri okugcina amandla ziyehla kancane kancane. Ngokuzayo, ngokukhiqiza okukhulu kanye nokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe, amabhethri okugcina amandla kulindeleke ukuthi azuze ukuncipha okukhulu kwezindleko. Uma izindleko zokugcinwa kwamandla zincishisiwe zibe yibanga elifanele, umnotho wabasebenzisi basekhaya ukufaka amasistimu we-photovoltaic uzothuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi ukuthandwa kokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic nakho kuzoletha impumelelo.

Ukwengeza, uhulumeni kufanele aqinise ukwesekwa kwakhe kokukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi we-photovoltaic, futhi anciphise ingcindezi yokuqala yokutshala imali yabasebenzisi basekhaya ngokwethula izinqubomgomo zoxhaso ezivuna kakhudlwana. Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nasezindaweni ezikude, uhulumeni anganikeza uxhaso lwezezimali oluthe xaxa kanye nokubolekwa kwemali okukhethekile ukukhuthaza amakhaya amaningi ukuthi afake izinhlelo ze-photovoltaic futhi akhuthaze ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo samandla.