Ingabe Ukugcinwa Kwamandla Kuyadingeka Eziteshini Zezokuxhumana?

Emisebenzini yenethiwekhi yezokuxhumana, ukuzinza kweziteshi eziyisisekelo kuhlobene ngqo nokuthembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla azo. Ezimweni eziningi zokuthunyelwa, ukuthi ngabe kufanele kulungiselelwe uhlelo lokugcina amandla (i-ESS) akuseyona intuthuko yokuzikhethela - kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezinquma ukuthi isayithi lingasebenza kahle yini.

Isidingo sokugcina amandla esiteshini esiyisisekelo singahlaziywa kusukela ezicini ezintathu: i-logic yobunjiniyela, isakhiwo sezindleko, kanye nokuphathwa kokusebenza.

1. Yiziphi Izindawo Zokuxhumana Okufanele Zibe Nesitoreji Samandla?

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamasayithi ezokuxhumana zinezinga elihlukahlukene lokuncika ekugcinweni kwamandla. Empeleni, lezi zimo ezilandelayo azinakuhlukaniswa ne-ESS:

1. Izindawo Ezikude Noma Ezingekho Kugridi

Ezindaweni ezinezintaba, eziqhingini, ogwadule, nakwezinye izindawo ezikude, igridi kagesi ayikwazi ukufinyelela noma ayithembekile kakhulu, okushiya izindawo zincike kumajeneretha kadizili.

Izinselele yilezi:

• Izindleko eziphezulu zokuhamba ngodizili
• Imijikelezo emide yokuphinda unikeze
• Ukuthembela kakhulu emisebenzini yezandla ye-O&M

Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-ESS iba umgogodla wamandla oyinhloko wendawo - ngokuvamile ihlanganiswa namandla elanga noma omoya ukuze kwakhiwe uhlelo lwe-PV+Storage+Diesel noma uhlelo lwe-Wind+Solar+Storage hybrid. Ngaphandle kokugcinwa kwamandla, ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kulezi zindawo cishe akunakwenzeka.

2. Izifunda Zegridi Ezingazinzile

Kwezinye izindawo ezisathuthuka noma izindawo ezinengqalasizinda kagesi ebuthaka, ukucima njalo kanye nokushintshashintsha okukhulu kwamandla kagesi kuvamile.

Ezimweni ezinjalo:

• Ingozi yokulahlekelwa ugesi esiteshini esiyisisekelo iphezulu
• Imvamisa yokuphazamiseka kwenethiwekhi iyanda
• Kunzima ukufeza izibopho ze-SLA

I-ESS ingashintshela kumandla okusekelayo ngaphakathi kwama-millisecond, ivimbele ukuphazamiseka kokuxhumana - okwenza kube yingxenye ebalulekile yokugcina ukuzinza kwenethiwekhi.

3. Izindleko Zikagesi Eziphezulu noma Izindleko Eziphakeme Zesigodi Esiphakeme

Ezindaweni lapho amazinga kagesi ebhizinisi ephezulu khona, izindleko zamandla zimele ingxenye enkulu yezindleko zokusebenza kwesiza. I-ESS inganciphisa lezi zindleko ngokuthi:

• Ukushefa okuphezulu kanye nokugcwaliswa kwesigodi (ukushaja ngezikhathi zezinga eliphansi, ukukhishwa ngesikhathi sezinga eliphezulu)
• Ukuthuthukisa iphrofayili yokusetshenziswa kwamandla

Lokhu kwenza ukonga ugesi okungu-20%-40%. Kulezi zimo, ukugcina amandla akuyona nje indlela yokulinganisa ukuthembeka kodwa futhi kuyithuluzi elibalulekile lokunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza.

4. Iziteshi Eziyisisekelo Ezinemithwalo Eminingi Eziyi-5G

Iziteshi zesisekelo ze-5G ngokuvamile zisebenzisa u-3 kW-6 kW noma ngaphezulu, okubeka izidingo eziqinile ekuqhubekeni kwamandla. I-ESS idlala izindima ezilandelayo:

• Ukushintshashintsha komthwalo okubushelelezi
• Ukwanda kwamandla okusheshayo kwe-buffering
• Ukuvimbela ukuvalwa kwemishini okungavamile

Kungacatshangwa ngokuthi “ungqimba lwe-buffer” ngaphakathi kohlelo lwamandla.

1. Kungani i-ESS ishintshe isuka ku-"Backup Power" yaya ku-"Core System"?

Esikhathini esidlule, ukugcina amandla kwakuvamile ukuthathwa njengokumane “kugcine izibani zikhanya ngesikhathi sokucima kogesi.” Lowo mbono awusanele kumanethiwekhi ezokuxhumana anamuhla.

1. Kusukela ku-Backup Power kuya ku-Energy Dispatch Hub

I-ESS yesimanje ayigcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngamandla okusekelayo kodwa futhi ihlanganyela ekuthunyelweni kwamandla - okuhlanganisa ukugcinwa kwamandla, ukulawulwa kwamandla, kanye nokuzinzisa amandla kagesi. Empeleni, isibe "yi-dispatch node" yesistimu yamandla ezokuxhumana.

2. Izinto Ezivuselelekayo Azikwazi Ukusebenza Ngaphandle Kwesitoreji

Ngemva kokuhlanganisa amandla avuselelekayo njengelanga nomoya, ukukhishwa kwamandla kuba yizikhathi ezithile: ukukhiqiza kuyaphakama emini kodwa kuyama ebusuku, futhi izinguquko zesimo sezulu zithinta umkhiqizo. Ngaphandle kwe-ESS, amandla akhiqizwayo awakwazi ukusetshenziswa ngendlela ethembekile. Ngakho-ke ukugcinwa kwamandla kuyimfuneko yokuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo ezindaweni zezokuxhumana.

3. I-ESS Ithinta Ngokuqondile i-OPEX

Izindleko zesikhathi eside zesayithi lezokuxhumana zifaka phakathi izikweletu zikagesi, izindleko zikaphethiloli kadizili (izindawo ezikude), kanye nezindleko ze-O&M. I-ESS ingabhekana nazo zonke ezintathu ngasikhathi sinye:

• Nciphisa izikweletu zikagesi
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwedizili
• Imvamisa yokuhlola ngesandla ephansi

III. Ingabe Ukusebenzisa Isitoreji Samandla Kuyabiza Kakhulu?

Isibonelo, uma sithatha isayithi elivamile lezokuxhumana:

Amapharamitha ayisisekelo: Ukudonsa amandla angu-5 kW, ukusetshenziswa konyaka ~43,800 kWh, izinga likagesi CNY 0.8/kWh, ibhili likagesi lonyaka ~CNY 35,000.

Uma i-ESS isetshenziswa (ihlanganiswe nokushefa okuphezulu noma i-solar eyisisekelo): izinga lokonga lingu-20%-40%, ukonga konyaka cishe yi-CNY 7,000-14,000.

Isikhathi sokukhokha: cishe iminyaka emi-3-5. Umjikelezo wokuphila kwesiteshi esiyisisekelo: iminyaka engu-8-10+. Ekugcineni, ukugcina amandla kuwutshalomali olukhiqiza inzuzo - hhayi izindleko ezimsulwa.

1. “Inani Elifihliwe” Elivame Ukunganakwa
2. Ukugwema Ukulahlekelwa Okuvela Esikhathini Sokuphumula Kwesayithi

Ukuphazamiseka kokuxhumana kungabangela izikhalazo zomsebenzisi, izinhlawulo ze-SLA, kanye nomonakalo womkhiqizo - ukulahlekelwa okuvame ukwedlula izindleko zikagesi ngokwazo.

2. Ukunika amandla i-O&M ehlakaniphile

Ihlanganiswe noHlelo Lokuphathwa Kwamandla (i-EMS), i-ESS ivumela ukuqapha okude, ukuthunyelwa okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi ngamaphutha. I-O&M ishintsha kusukela ekuhlolweni ngesandla kuya ekuphathweni okuqhutshwa uhlelo, okunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zabasebenzi.

3. Ukusekela Ukwakhiwa Kwamandla Esikhathi Esizayo

Njengoba isimo samandla sithuthuka, amasayithi ezokuxhumana angabamba iqhaza ezitshalweni zamandla ezibonakalayo (ama-VPP), ukuthunyelwa kwamandla asatshalaliswa, kanye nokuhweba ngogesi. Ngaphandle kokugcinwa kwamandla, ukuhlanganyela kulezi zinhlobo zamandla ezisafufusa akunakwenzeka.

1. Ingabe Okukhulu Kuhlala Kungcono Ekugcineni Amandla?

Impendulo ithi cha – amandla e-ESS kumele ahambisane nesimo esithile:

• Izindawo zasemadolobheni: I-ESS encane, egxile emandleni okusekela kanye nokushefa okuphezulu
• Izindawo zasemadolobheni noma ezibuthakathaka: I-ESS enomthamo ophakathi, ithuthukisa ukuzinza kokuhlinzekwa
• Izindawo ezikude noma ezingaphandle kwegridi: I-ESS enamandla amakhulu (amahora angu-4-24), ehlanganiswe nezinhlelo zelanga noma zedizili
• Izindawo ezibucayi kakhulu (iziqhingi, amahlane): Izinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe ze-PV+Storage+Diesel, kanye ne-ESS njengomthombo wamandla oyinhloko

1. Ushintsho Luyaqhubeka Ezinhlelweni Zamandla Ezokuxhumana
2. Kusukela “Ekusebenziseni Amandla” Kuya “Ekuphatheni Amandla”

Ugesi awuseyona nje insiza esetshenziswayo - uyimpahla yesistimu engasetshenziswa futhi elungisekayo.

2. Kusukela Ekuhlinzekweni Komthombo Owodwa Kuya Ekugcwaliseni Kwamandla Amaningi

Imodeli yendabuko: Amandla egridi + Udizili. Imodeli entsha: Ilanga + Indawo Yokugcina + Ugridi + Udizili. Ukusebenza ngokubambisana kwemithombo eminingi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele.

3. Kusukela Esikhungweni Sezindleko Kuya Empahleni Yamandla

Esikhathini esizayo, ukugcina amandla ngeke kunciphise izindleko kuphela kodwa futhi kungase kuhlanganyele ekukhiqizeni imali engenayo.

VII. Isiphetho

Ngokombono wobunjiniyela nokusebenza, umbuzo wamasayithi amaningi ezokuxhumana awukona ukuthi kufanele kusetshenziswe yini isitoreji samandla, kodwa ukuthi ungasilungiselela kanjani ngendlela efanele:

• Kumasayithi akude: i-ESS inquma ukuthi isayithi lingasebenza yini nhlobo
• Kwezindawo zasemadolobheni: i-ESS inquma ukuthi izindleko ziyalawuleka yini
• Kumanethiwekhi e-5G: I-ESS inquma ukuthi uhlelo luhlala luzinzile yini

Njengoba amanethiwekhi ezokuxhumana ethuthuka aye emithwalweni ephezulu kanye nezidingo zokuthembeka okukhulu, ukugcinwa kwamandla sekuyinto eyisisekelo - hhayi isici esingakhethwa. Uma uhlela noma uthuthukisa uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla lwesayithi lezokuxhumana, ukukala kahle umthamo we-ESS, ukuwufanisa nesimo sakho sohlelo lokusebenza, nokuhlanganisa izixazululo ezifana nezindawo zokuvala iziteshi zangaphandle kuzoba yisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa i-ROI yephrojekthi kanye nokuzinza kokusebenza.