Kuzoqashwa futhi kuhlolwe kanjani ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kweziqukathi ze-PV ezigoqayo?

Iziqukathi ze-photovoltaic ezigoqayo zithathe isikhundla esiphambili kuzixazululo zakamuva zamandla elanga ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo okuyingqayizivele nokusebenza kahle. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi lezi ziqukathi zisebenziseka ngokushesha, kodwa zingaqinisekisa ukunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile ngokumelene nazo zonke izinhlobo zendawo. Umuntu angakwazi kanjani ukuhlola ngokunembile ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kwesiqukathi se-PV esigoqayo?

1. Umqondo Oyisisekelo Wokugoqa Isitsha se-PV
Isiqukathi se-PV esigoqayo siyidivayisi efakwe esitsheni sokuhlanganisa isistimu yokuphehla amandla e-PV kanye nesistimu yokugcina amandla. Ivumela ukuthuthwa okulula nokugcinwa kwamaphaneli e-photovoltaic ngendlela ehlangene kanye nokuvela ngokushesha ekufakweni kwesicelo sokuguqulwa okuphumelelayo kwamandla elanga.

2. Ukubaluleka Kokuhlolwa Kokusebenza Kwamandla
Ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kungomunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yokugoqa iziqukathi ze-PV. Ayihlobene kuphela ne-ROI yemishini, kodwa futhi ngokuqondile nokuzinza nokuthembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla. Ukuhlola okunembile kokusebenza kahle kwamandla kungasiza opharetha ukuthi bathuthukise ukucushwa kwesistimu futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla, ngaleyo ndlela kwehlise izindleko zokusebenza.

3 Izinto ezibalulekile zokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kweziqukathi ze-PV ezigoqiwe
3.1 Ukuhlolwa kwejika le-IV
Ukuhlolwa kwejika le-IV kungenye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokulinganisa ukusebenza kukagesi kwamamojula e-PV. Ngesilinganiso samanje kanye ne-voltage ezimeni ezihlukene zokukhanya, lapho ijika lesici se-IV, ingahlela futhi ngaleyo ndlela ihlaziye amapharamitha okusebenza kagesi njenge-short-circuit current (Isc), i-open-circuit voltage (Voc), i-maximum power point current (Impp), i-voltage (Vmpp) yemojuli, njll. Le mingcele idingeka kakhulu ekuhloleni ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kweziqukathi ze-PV ezigoqiwe. Izinqubo zekhonkrithi zimi kanje: Indlela yokuhlanganisa umsebenzi kusetshenziswa umsebenzi we-exponential kanye nokulingana komsebenzi kusetshenziswa i-polynomial kwamukelwa ukuze kulingane amajika wesici se-IV wama-PSC ngokusebenzisa indlela yezikwele ezincane esekelwe kudatha yokuhlola yamaseli elanga e-PV; hlaziya umthelela olethwe izindlela ezahlukene kusici se-IV ngokuqhathanisa iphutha elifanelekile.
Umhloli wejika le-IV: Umhloli wejika we-IV ochwepheshe, isibonelo, i-HT I-V6002 yase-Italian ingahlola ijika le-PV elinohlangothi olulodwa nanohlangothi olukabili ijika IV futhi isekele izinzwa ezimbili ezihlukene ezikala imisebe engemuva yamamojula e-PV ngokuya ngemininingwane yobuchwepheshe ye-IEC TS 60904-1-2.

3.2 Ukuphumelela Kohlelo Lokugcina Amandla
Uhlelo lokugcina amandla luwukwakheka okubalulekile kwesiqukathi se-PV esigoqiwe. Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kwesistimu yonke kuthinteka ngokuqondile ekusebenzeni kahle kwesistimu yokugcina amandla. Ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokulondoloza amandla, izici ezimbalwa zidinga ukucatshangelwa mayelana nokushaja nokukhipha amandla, izinga lokuzikhiphela ngokwakho, nempilo yomjikelezo. Ndawonye, ​​lezi zici zinquma ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwesistimu yokugcina amandla.
Indlela yenkathi yokubuyisela: bala isikhathi sokukhokha sezindleko zokutshala zesistimu yokugcina amandla, okungukuthi, izindleko zokutshala imali/ukonga konyaka kugesi kanye nezindleko zokunakekela.
Imodeli Yekubala Yezindleko: sungula imodeli yokubala yezindleko zenzuzo yesikhungo samandla okugcina amandla futhi, ngokuthatha izibonelo ezithile ezingokoqobo, ufakazele ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, indawo yokugcina amandla kagesi izozuza inzuzo yezomnotho elindelwe.
Ukulinganiswa kwenani lezomnotho kanye nenani lendawo: Ocwaningweni oluhlobene nokulinganisa inani lezomnotho le-Energy Storage Systems, imodeli yokuhlola yezomnotho iye yasungulwa yezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ezisebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zemakethe ezivulekile. Ihlola ukusetshenziswa kwama-algorithms wofuzo ekubalweni kwenzuzo kanye nezilinganiso ezifanele ezingase zenziwe.

3.3 Ukuzivumelanisa Nemvelo
Lezi ziqukathi ze-PV ezigoqekayo zisebenza ezimweni eziningi ezimbi kakhulu zemvelo; ngakho-ke, lesi sici kufanele sicatshangelwe mayelana nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kahle kwamandla, okuhlanganisa ukumelana nesimo sezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa kwamamojula e-PV, kanye nekhono lokuphatha ukushisa kwesistimu yokugcina amandla.
Ukuhlolwa kokumelana nesimo sezulu: kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwamamojula e-PV ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezihlukene, njengomthelela wezici zemvelo ezifana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphansi, nomswakama ekusebenzeni kwamamojula e-PV.
Ukuhlolwa kwamandla okuphatha okushisayo: hlola amandla okuphatha okushisayo kwesistimu yokugcina amandla, okuhlanganisa ukunqanyulwa kokushisa nokusebenza kokufakwa kwebhethri.

3.4 Ukuhlanganiswa kohlelo
Ukuhlanganiswa kwesistimu nakho kuyisici esibalulekile sokusebenza kahle kwamandla eziqukathi ze-PV ezigoqiwe, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa idigri yokufanisa phakathi kwamamojula e-PV nohlelo lokugcina amandla, ubuhlakani besistimu yokulawula, kanye nezinga lokuzenzekelayo lohlelo. Kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kokufanisa isistimu: ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kokumatanisa amandla phakathi kwamamojula e-PV nesistimu yokugcina amandla ngedatha yokusebenza yangempela.
Ukuhlolwa kobuhlakani nokuzenzakalelayo, hlola izinga lobuhlakani besistimu yokulawula, njengokuqapha okukude, ukuhlonzwa kwephutha nokulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo.

4 Izindlela zokuhlola
4.1 Ukuhlolwa kwendawo
Ukuhlolwa kwensimu kuyindlela eqondile yokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kweziqukathi ze-PV ezigoqiwe. Ihlola okokusebenza endaweni yokusebenza yangempela futhi iqoqe idatha yokusebenza yangempela, efana nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla, ukugcinwa kahle kwamandla, nokuzinza kwesistimu. Le datha ibaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.

4.2 Ukuhlolwa Kokulingisa
Ukuhlolwa kokulingisa kubhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwesofthiwe yokulingisa ikhompuyutha ekulingiseni ukusebenza kweziqukathi ze-PV ezigoqiwe. Ngamanye amazwi, kuyindlela yokubikezela kusenesikhathi ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kwemishini ngaphambi kokuthi isebenze ngempela. Iyakwazi ukucabangela ububanzi obubanzi bezimo zemvelo ezahlukene kanye nemingcele yokusebenza ukuze uthole idatha ebanzi ukuze isekele ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kahle kwamandla.

4.3 Ukuqhathanisa Ukusebenza
Ukuqhathaniswa kokusebenza kwenzelwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kweziqukathi ze-PV ezigoqayo ngokulinganisa ukusebenza kwabanye. Ngalokhu, kusiza abaqhubi ukuthi babone ngeqiniso ukuthi izinto zabo zokusebenza zingaqhudelana kanjani emakethe futhi kukhombisa izindlela zokuthuthukisa.