I-inverter exhunywe kugridi ifinyelela kanjani ukugeleza kwamanje kugridi?

Ama-inverters abaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamandla zamanje, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zamandla avuselelekayo. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-inverter ukuguqula okwamanje okuqondile okukhiqizwa umthombo wamandla we-DC njengephaneli ye-photovoltaic, iseli likaphethiloli, noma ibhethri ye-lithium ibe yamanje ehambisanayo negridi bese uyixhuma kugridi.Ukubona kanjani ukugeleza kwamanje kugridi sekuyinkinga abantu abaningi abakhathazeke ngayo kule nqubo.Umehluko ongase ube khona, umehluko ongaba khona, kanye nomgomo wokusebenza wegridi eguquliwe uzochazwa kangcono ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo we-inverta ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo we-inverta. ama-inverters, ama-fuel cell, noma amabhethri e-lithium, kanye nomsebenzi wamanje wokukhawulela we-inverter.

1. Iyiphi indlela isiguquli esixhunywe kugridi esifinyelela ngayo ukugeleza kwamanje kugridi?

Indima ebalulekile ye-inverter exhunywe kugridi ihlanganisa ukuguqula i-DC ibe i-AC kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-AC ephumayo ingafakwa ngokushelelayo kugridi.Ukumatanisa i-voltage nokuvumelanisa imvamisa kuyizimiso zokusebenza ze-inverter. I-voltage ye-AC ekhiqizwa isiguquli sidinga ukuhambisana ngokobude, imvamisa, kanye nesigaba esinogesi wegridi ophumayo ku-voltage ye-AC ku-voltage ephumayo kugridi ye-AC. ke ayikwazi ukwenza bushelelezi ukugeleza kwamanje kugridi futhi ingase ithinte ngisho nokuzinza kokugcina.

Ukugeleza kwamandla alandelayo kulandela isimiso esiyisisekelo somehluko ongaba khona: kuphela uma kunomehluko kagesi phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili lapho ukugeleza kwamanje ukusuka endaweni lapho i-voltage iphezulu kuya endaweni lapho i-current iphansi. Ngamanye amazwi, kuma-inverter axhunywe kugridi, kusho ukukhishwa kwamandla kagesi we-AC we-inverter udinga ukugcina umehluko othile ongaba khona kusukela ku-voltage yegridi. Ngokukhethekile, lapho i-voltage ephumayo ye-voltage iphezulu iye endaweni lapho i-current iphansi. Lapho i-voltage yegridi iphakeme kune-voltage ephumayo ye-inverter, yamanje ngeke igeleze kugridi, futhi i-inverter idinga ukulungisa i-voltage yayo yokuphuma ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi yamanje ingageleza kugridi ngokushelela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ilandele imvamisa kanye nesigaba segridi ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvumelanisa.Isikhathi samanje segridi kanye nokukhishwa kwamanje kwe-inverter kufanele kugcine imvamisa nesigaba esifanayo, ukuze kuthi lapho okwamanje kugeleza kugridi, kungeke kubangele noma yimuphi umehluko wesigaba ophumela ekuguquguqukeni kwegridi. Ngakho-ke, i-inverter iqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphuma kwe-AC kungageleza kancane kugridi ngokulawula i-voltage, imvamisa, nesigaba.

2.Ingabe umehluko ongaba khona noma ongaba khona uyadingeka ukuze kudalwe ukugeleza kwamandla kugridi?
Yebo, ukuhamba kukagesi empeleni kuqhutshwa umehluko ongaba khona noma umehluko ongaba khona. Umehluko ongase ube khona umehluko phakathi kwamandla amabili, kanti umehluko we-voltage usho umehluko we-voltage phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili. Ekusetshenzisweni kwe-inverter exhunywe kugridi, umehluko we-voltage phakathi kwe-inverter negridi inquma isiqondiso sokugeleza kwamanje. Kuphela uma kunomehluko othile ongaba khona phakathi kwe-voltage ephumayo ye-inverter kanye ne-grid voltage, i-current izogeleza kugridi.I-inverter iqinisekisa ukuthi lo mehluko wamandla kagesi ungaphakathi kwebanga elifanele ngokulungisa i-voltage ephumayo ukuze ihlangabezane nenjongo yayo yokuvumela ukugeleza kwamanje kugridi.

3.Ukuthi i-photovoltaic grid-connected inverter ingaxhuma ne-fuel cell noma ibhethri ye-lithium ecatshangwa lapha ngezansi ukuze kutholakale ukukhiqizwa kwamandla egridi:
Ama-inverters axhumeke kugridi ye-Photovoltaic angaxhunywa hhayi kuphela kusistimu yephaneli ye-photovoltaic kodwa nakwezinye izinhlobo zamandla kagesi e-DC, njengamaseli kaphethiloli noma amabhethri e-lithium, ukukhiqiza amandla axhunywe kugridi.Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokusebenza siyafana: okwamanje okuqondile kuguqulwa kube okwamanje okuhambisanayo okuhambisana negridi ngokusebenzisa i-inverter.

Izici zokukhishwa kwamaseli kaphethiloli namabhethri e-lithium zifana nalezo zamaseli e-photovoltaic: zombili zinikeza amandla e-DC, kodwa amandla ogesi kanye nokukhishwa kwamanje kungase kuhluke.Ngokuvamile, i-voltage ephumayo ye-fuel cell ithikamezeka kakhulu ngokushintsha komthwalo, futhi i-voltage yebhethri ye-lithium ingase ishintshe nesimo sokushaja kanye nesimo sezempilo sebhethri. Ngakho-ke, lapho lezi zinhlelo zamandla zihlangana negridi, isiguquli sidinga ukuguquguquka okwanele ekulungiseni i-voltage kanye nokuphumayo kwamanje ukuze ikwazi ukufanisa ngokunembile i-voltage, imvamisa, nesigaba segridi.

Ngokuvamile, ama-inverter axhunywe kugridi ye-photovoltaic angaxhunywa kugridi nge-fuel cell kanye nesistimu yebhethri ye-lithium, inqobo nje uma isiguquli singakwazi ukuguqula ngempumelelo amandla akhona asuka emithonjeni yamandla ahlukene abe awamanje ashintshayo afanele igridi futhi akwazi ukubhekana nezinselele zokuguquguquka kwebhethri noma ukukhishwa kwe-fuel cell.

4.Lapho ukukhiqizwa kwamandla axhunywe kugridi kwenziwa, ingabe isiguquli singakwazi ukukhawulela amandla amanje?
Ukunciphisa kwamanje kuwumsebenzi obalulekile we-inverter exhunywe kugridi, ikakhulukazi kunqubo yokukhiqiza amandla egridi.I-inverter ingakwazi ukuqapha umthamo wamanje kanye ne-voltage yegridi futhi ifinyelele umkhawulo wamanje ngokulungisa amandla okukhiphayo.Lapho ibhethri ishajwe kakhulu noma umthwalo wegridi yamandla mkhulu, inverter ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo okukhiphayo ukuze igweme ukungena kakhulu kwamanje kugridi yamandla ukuvimbela ukugcwala ngokweqile komthwalo wegridi yamandla.

Umsebenzi wokukhawulela wamanje, ohlinzekwe ku-inverter, uyilawula ngaphakathi nge-algorithm ngendlela yokuthi amandla okukhiphayo angeqi isilinganiso esiphezulu esivunyelwe igridi.Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi noma izinguquko zomthwalo kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwegridi, i-inverter inciphisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla okukhiphayo ukuze igweme ukushintshashintsha kwamanje okungadingekile futhi igcine ukuqina kwegridi.

Ngamanye amazwi, indima yamanje ekhawulelayo ye-inverter iqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphepha nokuzinza kugcinwa kugridi yamandla futhi ivimbela umthwalo wegridi yamandla amaningi noma ukulimala kwemishini okungase kubangelwe ukuphuma ngokweqile kwamanje kwesiguquli.

I-inverter exhunywe kugridi isebenza ngokulungisa i-voltage ephumayo, imvamisa, kanye nesigaba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ivunyelaniswa ne-voltage yegridi, yingakho inika amandla ukugeleza kwamandla kugridi. Incike emehlukweni ongaba khona noma umehluko we-voltage, yilapho-ke lapho okwamanje kuzogeleza kahle kugridi;okungukuthi uma kukhona umehluko wevolthi ofanele phakathi kwe-inverter ephumayo kanye ne-grid voltage. iphaneli kodwa futhi nemithombo yamandla kagesi e-DC njengamaseli kaphethiloli namabhethri e-lithium.Ngakho-ke, i-inverter kufanele ikwazi ukuguquguquka ngokwanele ukuze ibhekane nokuguquguquka okuvela emithonjeni yamandla ehlukene.Ekugcineni, umsebenzi wamanje wokukhawulela we-inverter ungavimbela ngokuphumelelayo umthwalo wegridi ukuthi ungabi mkhulu kakhulu, futhi uqinisekise ukuphepha nokuzinza kokukhiqizwa kwamandla okuxhunywe kugridi.