Umlilo Wenkantolo YaseHong Kong iHung Fuk Usebenza Njengendaba Yesixwayiso: Kufanele Kuqinisekiswe Kanjani Ukuphepha Komlilo Kwama-Photovoltaic Ahlanganisiwe Ezakhiweni?

Umlilo weNkantolo yaseHong Kong iHung Fuk uveze ukukhathazeka ngokuphepha okuphathelene ne-photovoltaics ehlanganisiwe yezakhiwo (BIPV) embonini. Njengoba zisengozini enkulu "kumphumela we-chimney", lezi zinhlelo zibhekene nezingozi ezinkulu lapho imililo yendawo ingasakazeka ngokushesha ikhuphukele phezulu ngezikhala ezimboziwe - okubangela izingozi ezinkulu kakhulu kunokufakwa kophahla. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani amazwe amaningi emhlabeni wonke egcina amazinga okuphepha emlilweni aqinile kakhulu ezinhlelo ze-PV ezingaphambili lapho ekhuthaza i-Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV).

I. Kungani izinhlelo ze-PV zangaphambi kobuso zithambekele kakhulu ekusabalaleni komlilo? Ukuqonda okuvela ezifundweni zamacala zaseSwitzerland

ISwitzerland, imakethe ye-BIPV ethuthuke emhlabeni wonke enokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwe-PV yobuso, yayingenazo izindinganiso ezihlangene. Ngenxa yalokho, i-Swiss Energy Agency yayala i-Swissolar ukuthi ithuthukise Iziqondiso Zesikhashana Zokuvikela Umlilo Wezinhlelo Zomoya Zobuso Obungenamoya, ichaza imingcele yokuphepha yalezo zinhlelo.

Lesi siqondiso sikhuluma kakhulu 'ngezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ezifakwe umoya ngaphambili' - izakhiwo lapho ukumbozwa kokuhlobisa kuzungeze amamojula e-photovoltaic, kanye nomgodi womoya ohlukanisayo nesakhiwo sesakhiwo. Sihlaziya izingozi ezingaba khona kuzo zonke izimo ezine zomlilo ezivamile, okuhlanganisa:

Ukushisa okuvela ezindlini eziseduze

Imililo evela ezisekelweni zezakhiwo noma kuma-balcony

Amalangabi angaphakathi aphuma ngezikhala zamafasitela futhi avutha ingaphambili

Ukwehluleka kwe-arcing kagesi noma izingxenye ngaphakathi kohlelo lwe-photovoltaic uqobo

Ingozi evelele kakhulu kulezi zimo ukusabalala komlilo okusheshayo okuqondile. Ikakhulukazi uma ukujula kwesikhala kunganele, izinto zingenawo amandla okugcina ilangabi ngokwanele, noma ukuhanjiswa kwekhebula kungahambisani nomthetho, amalangabi angagubha lonke i-façade ngemizuzu embalwa.

Uhlelo lokuhlukaniswa kweSwitzerland lugcizelela kakhulu:

Izakhiwo ezingaphansi kwamamitha ayi-11: Ingozi ephansi kakhulu, okuvumela izidingo ezilula;

Izakhiwo ezingaphezu kwamamitha angu-30: Izinto ezivimbela umlilo ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezakhiwo zokusekela ezingashi kumele zisetshenziswe, kanye nokuhlolwa kokusha okudingekayo;

Zonke izakhiwo: Imininingwane eqinile yokuqondisa ikhebula, izinhlobo zengilazi zemodyuli, kanye nezilinganiso zokuvimbela ilangabi ngemuva.

Lezi zindinganiso zinemininingwane eminingi kuneKhodi Jikelele Yokuvikela Umlilo Yezakhiwo yaseShayina yamanje futhi zinikeza inkomba yokumiswa kwezinhlelo ze-PV ze-façade eShayina esikhathini esizayo.

II. Kungani umlilo waseHong Kong ubangele isiphithiphithi esinje embonini?

Izakhiwo zokuhlala eziphakeme zaseHong Kong zigcwele kakhulu ngesikhala esincane phakathi kwezakhiwo, umfutho womoya ophezulu, kanye nezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-balcony kanye ne-façade. Uma umlilo usakazeka ngokufakwa kwe-PV odongeni lwangaphandle, umphumela uba:

Ubunzima bokuthuthwa kwabantu

Isivinini sokusabalala

Imililo yesibili ethinta izakhiwo eziseduze

kuzodlula kakhulu lezo ezisezindlini ezivamile. Lokhu kuchaza ngokuyisisekelo ukugxila okuqhubekayo kwemboni 'ekuphepheni kwe-PV odongeni lwangaphandle' eminyakeni yamuva nje.

Nakuba umlilo weHong Kong Hung Fuk Court wawungahlobene nezinhlelo ze-PV, lesi sigameko saqinisa ukuqwashisa komphakathi: noma yikuphi ukufakwa okufakwe ngaphambili, uma kungenazo izindinganiso zokuphepha eziqinile, kungase kusebenze njengesisheshisi somlilo.

Ngenxa yalokho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amazinga okwamukelwa kwe-PV esikhathini esizayo azoba mangakanani, izindinganiso zokuphepha emlilweni zizoba nzima kakhulu.

III. Izinhlelo ze-PV ze-façade kufanele zisetshenziswe kanjani? Izinto zokwakha kanye nezintambo akumelwe zinganakwa

Ngokusekelwe olwazini oluqoqwe, imboni okwamanje ibeka phambili izici ezilandelayo ze-PV yobuso:

1.  Izilinganiso ezithuthukisiwe zokuvimbela umlilo zamamojula nezinto zokwakha

– Amamojula engilazi ephindwe kabili kumele asebenzise ingilazi eqinisiwe

– Amafilimu e-laminate kumele ahlangabezane ne-RF2 (elingana ne-B1 yaseShayina)

– Amashidi angemuva kumele afinyelele ku-RF3(cr)

– Ngezakhiwo zokusekela ezingaphezu kwamamitha ayi-11 ukuphakama, zonke izinto kumele zingashi (RF1/Class A)

2. Umklamo wokujula kwesikhala okunengqondo ukunciphisa ukwandiswa komphumela weshimle

Indawo yokuphepha engu-40-100mm inciphisa kakhulu ijubane lokusabalala komlilo oqondile.

3. Ukuhanjiswa kwekhebula okujwayelekile kubaluleke kakhulu

Izinqwaba zekhebula ezivundlile akumele zedlule imicu eyi-6

Izinqwaba zekhebula eziqondile akumele zedlule imicu emithathu

Ukungena odongeni kudinga imikhono enesilinganiso se-RF1

Zonke izintambo kumele zihlangabezane nesilinganiso se-RF3(cr) sokuvinjelwa komlilo.

4. Ukuhlolwa njalo kubalulekile:

Isakhiwo esiphakeme: njalo eminyakeni emi-2

Ukuphakama okuphakathi: njalo eminyakeni emi-3

Ukuphakama okuphansi: njalo eminyakeni emi-5

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwaseSwitzerland noma emithethweni yamanje yaseShayina, isimiso esiyinhloko sezinhlelo ze-PV ze-façade singafingqwa kanje:

Ukuphepha emlilweni kumele kube yinto eza kuqala ekwakhiweni nasekuklanyweni kwesistimu.

IV. Yiziphi izinto ezikhethekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho uhlanganisa i-façade PV nesitoreji samandla? Indlela ye-Highjoule (HJ Group) inikeza indlela yokubhekisela.

'Isitoreji samandla se-PV +' siyavela njengomkhuba, njengoba inani lezakhiwo likhula licabangela ukusebenza okuhlelekile kwezinhlelo ze-PV ze-façade kanye nesitoreji samandla esisatshalalisiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe izilinganiso zokusetshenziswa kwazo kanye nokuqinisa ukuqina kwamandla. Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ngokwazo zakha imishini kagesi, futhi izidingo zazo zokuphepha emlilweni akumelwe zinganakwa.

I-Hui Jue Technology Group isebenzise okulandelayo kumaphrojekthi amaningi:

✔ Amaseli ebhethri asezingeni eliphezulu lokuphepha kanye nomklamo wesakhiwo

Amathuba ancishisiwe okubaleka kokushisa anciphisa kakhulu ingozi yomlilo ohlobene nebhethri.

✔ Uhlelo lokuvikela olusebenzayo/olungenawo amazinga amaningi

Kufaka phakathi i-Battery Management System (BMS), ukutholwa kwentuthu, ukulawulwa kokushisa, kanye nokuvikelwa kokuvala amandla okuzenzakalelayo ukuze kubhekwe izingozi ezingaba khona zokushisa noma ze-short circuit.

✔ Uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kwamandla (i-EMS) olusebenzisana nezinhlelo ze-PV

Ukuxhumanisa okuhlakaniphile kuvumelanisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-PV yangaphambi kwesikhathi nokushaja/ukukhipha isitoreji samandla, okunciphisa izingozi zomlilo ezivela ekugcwaleni ngokweqile kukagesi.

✔ Izindlela zokufaka ezimelana nemvelo

Amasu okuvikela imishini yezinga le-UPS aqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zokwakha zasemadolobheni.

Ezakhiweni, ukwenza ngcono ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-PV kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kodwa futhi kunciphisa izingozi zamaphutha kagesi ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokugcinwa, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa izingozi zomlilo jikelele.

V. I-Facade PV akuyona 'ingozi enkulu kakhulu ukuthi ingafakwa', kodwa kunalokho 'ukuphepha kumele kube yinto ebaluleke kakhulu'

I-Facade PV isiba yingxenye ebalulekile ye-Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV), kodwa izici zayo ezihlukile zisho ukuthi akuyona indawo ejwayelekile lapho 'ukumane unamathisele ama-bracket' kwanele.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kumayelana nezinto zokwakha, ubuqotho besakhiwo, izinhlelo zokudlulisa amandla, noma ukuhlanganiswa kokugcinwa kwamandla, amazinga aphelele, ukwakheka kwesayensi, ukwakhiwa okunesibopho, kanye nokusebenza nokugcinwa okuqhubekayo kubalulekile.

Kusukela kokuhlangenwe nakho kwaseSwitzerland kuya endabeni yokuxwayisa ngenhlekelele yomlilo yaseHong Kong, imboni ekugcineni iphendukela ohlangothini olulodwa:

Ukufakwa kwe-PV yobuso kungenzeka, kodwa kuphela uma kusekelwe uhlaka oluqinile lokuphepha emlilweni.

Ngenkathi ubeka phambili ukuphepha kwe-PV yesakhiwo, ungalibali ukubaluleka kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla.

Njengoba izakhiwo zasemadolobheni zishintshela ekuthuthukisweni okungenawo umoya ongcolile, inani elikhulayo lezindawo zokugcina i-PV kanye nezindawo zokugcina ugesi lizohlanganiswa nezinhlaka zobuso kanye nezinhlelo zokusabalalisa izindawo zokuhlala, amahhovisi kanye nezentengiselwano.

Uma ucabangela iphrojekthi ye-photovoltaic ehlanganiswe nesakhiwo noma ufuna izixazululo zokugcina amandla ezizinzile neziphephile, sikumema ukuthi uhlole iminikelo yokugcina amandla ye-Highjoule (HJ Group). Sisonke, masithuthukise ukushintshela kwamandla siye ekuphepheni okukhulu, ubuhlakani, kanye nokuthembeka.