Isakhiwo Esixhunywe Igridi Nokuqinisekiswa Kokuphepha Kweziguquli Ze-Solar PV

Ohulumeni nezinkampani zikagesi emhlabeni wonke balindele ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kukagesi we-photovoltaic kuzodlala indima ebalulekile ekunikezeni amandla esikhathini esizayo. Ukuguqula i-direct current (DC) ekhiqizwe amaseli elanga abe i-alternating current (AC) engahlanganisa ngaphandle komthungo kugridi akulethi nje inselele yobuchwepheshe kodwa futhi kubeka izimfuneko eziqinile kubaklami. Ama-inverter e-PV kufanele afinyelele ukusebenza kahle okugcwele kulo lonke uhla olubanzi lokuphuma kwamandla nezimo zokusebenza kuyilapho enamathela ngokuqinile kumazinga okuphepha.

Ukucatshangelwa Kwesakhiwo Nokuklama

I-Photovoltaic inverter design kumele ibeke phambili ukuguqulwa kwamandla okusebenzayo ngenkathi iqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesistimu. Ukulinganisa amandla okunembile kuyisici esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwe-inverter. Ukusekela izitayela ezithuthukayo kubuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic, abakhiqizi be-inverter kumele basebenzisane eduze nabakhiqizi bezinzwa ukuze bathuthukise ngokuhlanganyela imikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezidingo zakamuva.

Ukuthuthukisa Ukukhiqiza Amandla Ngempumelelo

Ukuze uvule amandla aphelele ezinhlelo ze-PV, imizamo kufanele igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla ukuze kwehliswe izindleko. Njengamanje, abakhiqizi be-solar cell balwela ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kokukhanya kuya kugesi, kuyilapho abakhiqizi be-PV inverter begxila ekuthuthukiseni ama-inverter esizukulwane esilandelayo ahlanganisa ukuxilonga nezinye izici ezihlakaniphile ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla nokusebenza kahle. Ubuchwepheshe bezintambo eziningi bumele ithrendi evelayo, evumela iyunithi yezinhlamvu zeseli ngayinye ukuthi ibe nedivayisi ezimele ye-Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), ngaleyo ndlela kukhuliswe ukuphuma kwamandla.

Izinyathelo Zokuphepha

Nakuba imiklamo engena-transformer isiza ukunciphisa izindleko futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle, iphinde yethule izinselele ezengeziwe zokuphepha. Isibonelo, okuphumayo kwe-inverter kungase kuqukathe izingxenye ze-DC ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokushintsha okungalungile kwe-IGBT. Ngakho-ke, izinzwa zamanje ezinembile kufanele zifakwe phakathi nedizayini ukuze kuncishiswe i-offset kanye nokukhukhuleka, kuqinisekiswe ukuthobelana nemikhawulo eqinile yomjovo we-DC kuwo wonke amazwe. Ukwengeza, ukuvimbela ukuvuza komhlaba kubalulekile, ngokuvamile kufinyelelwa kusetshenziswa amadivaysi amanje asele (ama-RCD) noma izixazululo ezifanayo zezinzwa ukuze kuvikelwe uhlelo.

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, imininingwane yedizayini ye-photovoltaic inverter kulindeleke ukuthi iqine kakhulu. Isibonelo, imikhawulo okuvunyelenwe ngayo emhlabeni jikelele ekuhlanekezweni okuphelele kwe-harmonic (THD) yokukhishwa kwe-inverter kungavela. Lokhu kudinga ukulinganisa kwamanje okunembile ngisho nakumafrikhwensi aphezulu kakhulu kunamafrikhwensi egridi evamile. Ukuqinisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabakhiqizi be-inverter nabakhiqizi bezinzwa kungabeka isisekelo sokuqamba okusha kwezobuchwepheshe, ngaleyo ndlela kuvikeleke umkhawulo wokuncintisana embonini yelanga ethuthuka ngokushesha.

Kafushane, ebhekene nemakethe ekhulayo yelanga, ukuklanywa kwama-inverters e-photovoltaic akumele nje kuphishekele ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kodwa futhi kuqinisekise ukuphepha okuphelele. Ngokuqhubeka nokusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokusebenzisana kwemboni eseduze, singalindela ukubona iziguquli ze-photovoltaic ezihlakaniphe kakhulu, ezinokwethenjelwa kakhudlwana, nezisebenza kahle kakhulu.