Izimbangela nezisombululo zokukhubeka kwekhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi esiteshini samandla e-photovoltaic

Njengoba isidingo somhlaba wonke samandla avuselelekayo siqhubeka sikhula, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic njengengxenye ebalulekile yamandla ahlanzekile, ukusetshenziswa kwawo kuyanda futhi kubanzi. Inqubo exhunywe kugridi yesiteshi samandla e-photovoltaic kanye negridi yamandla iwukhiye wokubona ukusetshenziswa kahle kwesistimu yokuphehla amandla e-photovoltaic, phakathi kwayo indima "yekhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ye-photovoltaic" ibalulekile. Kodwa-ke, ohlelweni lokusebenza oluxhunywe kwigridi yesiteshi samandla e-photovoltaic, inkinga ye-photovoltaic grid-exhunywe kwikhabhinethi i-tripping ivame ukwenzeka.

Okokuqala, izingxenye eziyinhloko zekhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ye-photovoltaic zifaka:
I-Inverter: Iguqula i-direct current ibe i-alternating current ehlangabezana nezidingo zefrikhwensi ne-voltage yegridi.
Idivayisi yokuvikela: okuhlanganisa i-overcurrent, overvoltage, ukuvikela imvamisa, ukuvikelwa kwesisekelo, njll., kunganqamula uxhumano negridi yamandla lapho igridi yamandla ingavamile, ukuvimbela ukulimala kwempahla ye-photovoltaic.
Isistimu yokuqapha: ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kwe-voltage yegridi yamandla, yamanje, imvamisa kanye neminye imingcele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwesistimu.

Okwesibili, izimbangela ezivamile ze-photovoltaic grid-connected cabinet tripping
Ukukhubeka kwekhabhinethi exhunywe ngegridi ye-Pv kuvame ukubangelwa amaphutha ahlukahlukene kagesi noma ukungahambi kahle kwesistimu. Izizathu ezithile zihlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:

Ukuvikelwa okweqile: Lapho isifunda esifushane, ukulayishwa ngokweqile noma amanye amaphutha kagesi kwenzeka kugridi yamandla, i-current ingase idlule kakhulu ububanzi obujwayelekile bokusebenza, okuholela ekucupheni kwedivayisi yokuvikela okudlulele kwekhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ye-photovoltaic. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela imisinga ephezulu ukuthi idale umonakalo emishinini, ikakhulukazi imishini ebalulekile njengama-inverters. Uma kwenzeka iphutha elidlulele, ikhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ngokuvamile inqamula ngokushesha isiteshi samandla se-photovoltaic kugridi.

Overvoltage noma undervoltage: Ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi kugridi kungenye imbangela evamile yokukhubeka. Idivayisi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yokuvikela i-overvoltage kanye ne-undervoltage yekhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ye-PV ingaqapha ukuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi wegridi ngesikhathi sangempela. Uma i-voltage idlula umkhawulo obekiwe, ikhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ye-PV izocupha ukuvikelwa kohambo ukuze ivimbele ukulimala kwemishini okubangelwa amandla kagesi aphezulu, noma ayikwazi ukunikeza ukuphuma kwamandla ezinzile lapho i-voltage iphansi kakhulu.

Ukuvama okungavamile: Imvamisa engavamile yegridi yamandla (njengefrikhwensi engaphezu kwebanga elivumelekile le-50Hz noma 60Hz) izoholela ekulimaleni okuvumelanayo kwegridi yamandla kanye nesiteshi samandla se-photovoltaic, bese yenza isiguquli singakwazi ukusebenza ngendlela evamile. Uma ifrikhwensi yegridi yamandla ichezuka kububanzi obujwayelekile, idivayisi yokuvikela imvamisa yekhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ye-photovoltaic izoqala futhi inqamule kugridi yamandla ukuze igweme ukuthikameza imishini ye-photovoltaic.

Ukuhluleka kwe-inverter: I-inverter ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zesiteshi samandla e-photovoltaic, futhi ukwehluleka kwayo (njengokushisa ngokweqile, ukulayisha ngokweqile, ukwehluleka kwe-hardware, njll.) kungesinye sezizathu ezibalulekile zohambo lwekhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi. Uma i-inverter ihluleka ukuguqula i-DC ku-AC, yamanje ayihlangabezani nezidingo zegridi yamandla, okubangela indlela yokuvikela yekhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi.

Ukuhluleka kokubeka phansi: Uma uhlelo oluphansi lwesiteshi samandla e-photovoltaic luhluleka, lungabangela ukuvuza kwamanje. Ikhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ngokuvamile ifakwe umsebenzi wokuvikela umhlabathi, futhi lapho kutholakala iphutha lokuvuza noma ukumisa phansi, izonqamula ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuxhumana phakathi kwesiteshi samandla e-photovoltaic kanye negridi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kukagesi.

Izinkinga zekhwalithi yegridi: Ukushintshashintsha kwekhwalithi yegridi, njengokungcoliswa kwe-harmonic, ukuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi noma ukushintshashintsha njalo, kungase futhi kubangele ukuba ikhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ye-PV ihambe. Nakuba izinkampani zegridi ngokuvamile zigcina izinga legridi lizinzile, kwezinye izifunda, lapho igridi iguquguquka kakhulu, izitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic zingase zithinteke.

Okwesithathu, xazulula inkinga yokukhubeka yekhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ye-photovoltaic
Ukuze kuncishiswe isigameko sokukhubeka kwekhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ye-photovoltaic futhi uqinisekise isiteshi samandla se-photovoltaic esizinzile esixhunywe kugridi kanye negridi yamandla, kunconywa ukuthatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

Ukuhlola nokugcinwa okuvamile: Ukugcinwa okuvamile nokuhlolwa kwamakhabhinethi axhunywe ngegridi ye-photovoltaic, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwama-inverters, amadivaysi okuvikela amanje, izinhlelo zokumisa phansi, njll. Ngale ndlela, izinkinga ezingenzeka zingabonwa ngesikhathi esifanele futhi ingozi yokuhluleka kwemishini ingancishiswa.

Ukuthuthukisa Izilungiselelo ezixhunywe kugridi: Enqubweni exhunywe kugridi yeziteshi zamandla e-photovoltaic, ukulungiselelwa kwepharamitha ye-inverter kubalulekile. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-voltage ephumayo kanye nemvamisa ye-inverter ivunyelaniswa negridi yamandla, futhi ulungise ngesikhathi esifanele amapharamitha okukhiqiza amandla esiteshi samandla se-photovoltaic ngokuya ngokuguquguquka kwegridi yamandla ukuze ugweme ukukhubeka okubangelwa ukuntengantenga kwe-voltage noma imvamisa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yekhwalithi ephezulu: Ukusetshenziswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu ye-photovoltaic inverters, amakhabhinethi axhunywe kwigridi nezinye izinto zikagesi kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokuthembeka kwesistimu. Ukukhetha izinto zokusebenza ezinokubekezelela amaphutha okuphezulu nokucabangela izinguquko zekhwalithi yegridi ekwakhiweni kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokukhubeka.

Qinisa ukukhethwa kwezindawo zokufinyelela kugridi: Ukukhethwa kwezindawo zokufinyelela eziteshini zamandla e-photovoltaic kufanele kucabangele umthwalo wegridi, ukuzinza kanye nomthamo wokuthumela wegridi. Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho igridi yamandla ingazinzile khona, ukubambisana nenkampani yokusebenza kwegridi yamandla kufanele kuqiniswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izimo zikagesi zamaphuzu ahambisanayo zihlangabezana nezidingo.

Qinisa ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe: ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe kokusebenza nokugcinwa kwabasebenzi beziteshi zamandla e-photovoltaic ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi bayayazi inqubo yokusebenza kanye nezindlela zokwelapha eziphuthumayo zeziteshi zamandla e-photovoltaic, ezingagwema ngokuphumelelayo ukukhubeka kwamakhabhinethi axhunywe igridi ngenxa yokusebenza okungalungile.

Umshwana Wokuzikhipha Emthwalweni Obalulekile: Yonke imininingwane ephathelene nokonga izindleko, imbuyiselo, izikhathi zokukhokha, izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali, njll., okukhulunywe ngakho kulesi sihloko/ividiyo iyizinqumo ezisekelwe ekucabangeni okuthile (isb., ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngonyaka okungu-1 million kWh, intela kagesi engu-¥0.8/kWh, amahora okusetshenziswa kwe-photovoltaic) - azimeli izibopho zangempela zokubuyiselwa kwemali futhi azihlanganisi iseluleko sokuthenga noma sokutshalwa kwezimali; imbuyiselo yangempela ingahluka kakhulu ngenxa yezici ezifana nezimo zokukhanya kwelanga, ukushintshashintsha kwamanani kagesi, izindleko zemishini nokufaka, kanye nezinqubomgomo zoxhaso, ngakho-ke sicela uqinisekise amanani emakethe akamuva ngokuzimela futhi uthintane nochwepheshe ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo zokutshalwa kwezimali.