Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ezimaphakathi kanye nezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ezisabalalisiwe?

Ngokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwamandla ahlanzekile emhlabeni wonke, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza amandla we-photovoltaic (PV) buhamba phambili. Njengamanje, kunamamodeli amabili amakhulu okuthunyelwa: amasistimu e-photovoltaic aphakathi nendawo kanye nezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ezisabalalisiwe (PV). Lesi sihloko sizoqhathanisa futhi sihlaziye umehluko kanye nezinzuzo zalezi zinhlelo ezimbili ngokusekelwe kudatha yakamuva namathrendi omhlaba.

1. Incazelo kanye Nesikali

Amasistimu e-PV aphakathi nendawo afaka izinto ezinkulu ezitholakala ezindaweni eziqhelile ezifana nezingwadule noma izindawo eziwugwadule, lapho izinsiza zelanga ziningi futhi izindleko zomhlaba ziphansi, namandla afakiwe asukela kumashumi kuya kumakhulu ama-megawatts.

Amasistimu e-PV asabalalisiwe aphakathi nendawo kuya kwezincane okufakwayo ngokuvamile atholakala eduze nezindawo zokulayisha, njengophahla lwendlu, amafekthri, noma izindawo zokugcina izimpahla, ezinekhono elifakiwe ngokuvamile elisukela kuma-kilowatts ukuya kuma-megawathi.

2. Ibanga lokuxhunywa kwegridi nelokudlulisa  

Amasistimu e-PV asabalalisiwe axhumene ngamanethiwekhi okusabalalisa amandla kagesi aphansi noma aphakathi nendawo, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla endawo nokulahleka kokudlulisela okuphansi.

Amasistimu e-PV aphakathi nendawo axhunywe kumanethiwekhi okudlulisa amandla kagesi aphezulu, adlulisa amandla kumabanga amade nokulahlekelwa okuphezulu kokudlulisela.

3. Ukutshalwa Kwezimali, Ukwakha, Nokunakekela  

Amasistimu e-PV asabalalisiwe anikeza izinzuzo ezifana nokutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi kokuqala, izikhathi zokukhokha ezimfushane, ukuthunyelwa okuvumelana nezimo, nokunakekela okulula, futhi kungaphathwa abasebenzisi bokugcina noma abahlinzeki besevisi.

Izinhlelo ze-PV ezimaphakathi zidinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okubalulekile nengqalasizinda eyinkimbinkimbi (iziteshi ezingaphansi, amagumbi okushintshashintshashintshashintshashintshashintshashintshayo, ama-switchgear, njll.), ezinezidingo eziphezulu zokuphatha lobuchwepheshe.

4. Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokwesekwa kwegridi

I-PV esabalalisiwe isekela ukusetshenziswa kwendawo ngokushesha, ukunciphisa ukungcola kokudlulisela kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla.

I-PV emaphakathi ikhulisa umnotho wesilinganiso namandla okulawula aphezulu ukuze isekele ngempumelelo ukulawulwa kwamandla asebenzayo kanye nokulawulwa kwefrikhwensi yegridi.

5. Izinselelo Zezobuchwepheshe kanye Nomthelela Wegridi

I-PV esabalalisiwe ibhekene nezinselelo ezifana nokugeleza kwamandla ahlehlayo, ukushintshashintsha kokukhishwayo okusheshayo, nezinkinga zokuzinza, ezidinga amasistimu okulawula amagridi athuthukisiwe.

I-PV ebekwe endaweni eyodwa ibhekene nezindleko eziphezulu zokudlulisa, ukulahlekelwa kokudluliswa kwebanga elide, nezidingo eziqinile zokuxhuma igridi, okuhlanganisa amandla okugibela i-low-voltage ride-through (LVRT).

6. Amathrendi Okuthunyelwa Kwembulunga yonke  

Kusukela ngo-2023, umthamo wokufakwa kwe-PV osabalalisiwe wase-Australia (cishe amamegawathi angu-23,169) udlula kude i-PV emaphakathi (cishe amamegawathi ayi-11,016), okugqamisa ukubusa okukhulayo kokukhiqizwa okusabalalisiwe.

E-Brazil, ekupheleni kuka-2022, isamba somthamo ofakiwe we-solar PV sasicishe sibe ngamagigawathi angama-27, ne-PV accounting esabalele cishe amagigawathi ayi-18.8 kanye nokubala kwe-PV emaphakathi cishe ngamagigawathi ayi-8.2.

Kafushane, amasistimu e-PV aphakathi nendawo kanye nezinhlelo ze-PV ezisabalalisiwe ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo ezihlukile kanye nemikhawulo. Imodeli emaphakathi idlula kakhulu ekulawuleni okuphakathi nendawo enkulu kanye nokwesekwa kwegridi, kuyilapho amasistimu asabalalisiwe anikeza ukuguquguquka, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwendawo, kanye nembuyiselo esheshayo. Izindima ezihambisanayo zazo zombili zizoqhubekisela phambili inguquko yomhlaba wonke iye kwikusasa lamandla aqinile, ahlanzekile.